Frame Size (H x L): 33” x 18.75”
Pennant Size (H x L): 23.75” x 9.5”  

Offered is a Whipple pennant printed on cotton and made between 1909 and 1912.  Because the First Flag Act of 1777 did not specify an official star pattern, early flag makers were free to place the stars however they wished.  It was not until 1912 that an official star pattern was adopted via Executive Order 1556. 

In the years leading up to this Executive Order, many designs were considered for official adoption, one of the most famous of which was designed by Wayne Whipple of Philadelphia.  Whipple’s design includes thirteen center stars in the shape of a great star.  The thirteen center stars represent the original thirteen states admitted to the Union.  An inner ring of twenty-five stars surrounds the center stars, and it represent the states added to the Union between 1776 and 1876.  An outer ring of ten stars surrounds the inner ring, and it represent the states added to the Union after 1876.  Whipple purposely left large gaps in the outer ring, so that additional stars could be added thereto, as additional states entered the Union. 

Whipple submitted his design to a national contest and referred to it as the “Whipple Peace Flag,” in reference to the peaceful times preceding World War I.  Despite his design being selected as the winner out of over 500 entries and even President Taft’s interest in his design, the War Department instead specified that the star arrangement on forty-eight star flags should be a rectilinear 8-8-8-8-8-8 pattern.  As result, in 1912, President Taft issued Executive Order 1556, and thus established the rectilinear star placement and proportions of the flag.  Because of this alternative adoption, surviving examples of flags and pennants, showcasing the Whipple pattern, are extremely rare and desirable. 

The forty-eight star flag represents the inclusion of New Mexico and Arizona to the Union.  New Mexico was admitted on January 6th, 1912, and Arizona was admitted on February 14th, 1912.  The forty-eight star flag became official on July 4th, 1912.  Presidents Taft, Wilson, Harding, Coolidge, Hoover, Roosevelt, Truman, and Eisenhower all served under this flag.  World Wars I and II, and the Korean War were all fought under it. 

The forty-eight star flag was official for forty-seven years up until July 4th, 1959, the time at which the forty-nine star flag became official and began to represent the inclusion of Alaska in the Union.

Conservation Process: This pennant was hand sewn to cotton fabric, and both were hand sewn to a mounting board. To prevent the black dye in the cotton fabric from seeping into the pennant, it was first washed in a standard wash and then in a dye setting wash.  The pennant is positioned behind Optium Museum Acrylic.

Frame: This pennant is in a wood frame with a silver liner. 

Condition Report: There is a strip of fading running along the bottom of the canton.  There are several small stains, the most notable of which are on the white stripes.  The strip of fading and the small stains are visible in the photos.  In other respects, the pennant is in excellent condition.  

Collectability Level: The Great – Perfect for Rising Collectors
Date of Origin: 1909-1912
Number of Stars: 48
Associated State: Arizona